Love-Spanish.com: Where Is Your Female Friend From?

Wednesday, 15 January 2014

Where Is Your Female Friend From?

Introduction

This post is about the use of describing words/ adjectives in general, and more specifically about the use of feminine/ singular form of a describing word/ adjective.

SCENARIO

Imagine you and a female friend and are talking to someone else who doesn't know your friend. At some point the other person asks you: "where is your female friend from?".

In Spanish, the other person could choose to be less formal and ask you:

¿De dónde es tu amiga?

Alternatively, he/ she could choose to be a little bit more formal and say:

¿De dónde es su amiga?

OUR TIP

This is a straightforward question about your your friend (a third person). When saying something about a third person (that is, neither you nor the person asking the question) you DO NOT need be concerned about the degree of formality in the original question. You can just concentrate on answering the question.

Questions like this one are usually answered by indicating:

The nationality of your friend
The country your friend comes from
The city/ town your friend comes from

Here are some sample replies:

Mi amiga es inglesa* (my friend is English).
Mi amiga es italiana* (my friend is Italian).
Mi amiga es estadounidense* (my friend is American).
Mi amiga es vietnamita* (my friend is vietnamese).
Mi amiga es de Inglaterra (my friend is from England).
Mi amiga es de Londres (my friend is from London).
Mi amiga es inglesa*, de Londres (my friend is English, she is from London).

Now you should practise answering the question:

¿De dónde es tu amiga?

*NB See Grammar below

*Grammar-Adjectives

	Gender	Number	Adjective
amigo	masculine	singular	inglés
amigos	masculine/ mixed	plural	ingleses
amiga	feminine	singular	inglesa
amigas	feminine	plural	inglesas

Noun-Adjective Agreement

See notes below on Noun-Adjective agreement

Noun-Adjective Agreement

As you can see above, in Spanish you can also use a describing word/ adjective to indicate where someone comes from. Below follow some notes on how to choose the correct form of the adjective for a given noun.

Adjectives -Gender

When you use Spanish describing words/ adjectives, you need to bear in mind that for each describing word in English, there are often two related but different describing words/ adjectives in Spanish. The reason being that Spanish describing words/ adjectives have to 'agree' with the gender (masculine or feminine) of the noun they describe. Most Spanish describing words have similar but separate words for each of the two genders (for example, americano/ americana). A few, however have one single form (for example, canadiense).

Thus when you come to use a describing word to indicate where someone comes from, you need to check whether the corresponding Spanish describing word/ adjective has:

One single form (for example , estadounidense)
Two separate forms (for example, inglés/ inglesa).- If the describing word/ adjective has two separate forms, then you need to choose the form which matches the gender (masculine/ feminine) of the noun it describes.

Adjectives -Number

When you use Spanish describing words/ adjectives, you also need to bear in mind that Spanish describing words/ adjectives have singular and plural* forms the same as nouns. A Spanish describing word/ adjective must also to 'agree' with the number (singular/ plural) of the noun it describes. For example, amiga inglesa (English friend -female) or amigas inglesas (English friends -females).

Thus when you come to use a describing word/ adjective to indicate where someone comes from, you need to choose the form of the Spanish describing word/ adjective which matches the noun's number (singular/ plural).

*NB View posts with details about the plural of Spanish words here.

Adjectives -Use

All the practical examples in this post refer to a female friend, amiga. Consequently, they require the feminine/ singular form of a describing word/ adjective, for example, inglesa.

Spelling

Please note that in Spanish, the names of countries, towns, cities, etc. (for example, “Inglaterra” or “Londres”) are capitalised. However, the nationality describing words/ adjectives (for example “italiana”) are not.

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