How Much Time Have You Got Left?

Introduction

This post is about measuring time in in general in Spanish, and indicating how much time is left in particular.

SCENARIO

Imagine you are talking to a relative, a friend or a colleague. You are engaged in a task or project with finite amount of time allocated to it.

The other person wants to know how you are doing for time and says to you: how much time have you got left?

In Spanish, the other person could choose to be less formal and say:

¿Cuánto tiempo te queda?

In Spanish, the other person could choose to be more formal and say:

¿Cuánto tiempo le queda?

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OUR TIP

Answering the question should be quite straightforward. In fact, just indicating a length of time should be sufficient. You may need to be careful to make sure that you get the correct units of time The notes below* should help you make sure of that.

With that in mind, you could say:

• Sólo me quedan^** unos segundos (I have only a few seconds left)
• Me queda^** un cuarto de hora (I have a quarter of an hour left)
• Me queda^** media hora (I have half an hour left)
• Me quedan^** tres cuartos de hora (I have three quarters of an hour left)
• Me queda^** una hora (I have an hour left)
• Me quedan^** seis horas (I have six hours left)
• Me queda^** un día (I have a day left)
• Me quedan^** cinco días (I have five days left)
• Me queda^** una semana (I have a week left)
• Me quedan^** cuatro semanas (I have four weeks left)
• Me queda^** un mes (I have a month left)
• Me quedan^** tres meses (I have three months left)
• Me queda^** un año (I have a year left)
• Me quedan^** dos años (I have two years left)

**Notes

Please note the use of the verb “quedar” to indicate the amount of time which is left. Note also that both “me queda” and “me quedan” mean: 'I have got left'.

• We use “me queda” with singulars, that is when meaning one single unit of time (for example, one second, one minute, one quarter of an hour, one hour, one day, etc.)
• We use “me quedan” with plurals, that is when meaning more than one unit of time (for example, more than one seconds, minutes, hours, days, etc.)

Now you should practise answering the question:

¿Cuánto tiempo te queda?

*See some commonly used units of time in Spanish below

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*Spanish Time Units

Some time units commonly used in Spanish are shown below:

Español	English
una milésima de segundo	a thousand of a second
un segundo	a second
un minuto	a minute
un cuarto de hora	a quarter of an hour
media hora	half an hour
tres cuartos de hora	three quarters of an hour
una hora	an hour
un día	a day
una semana	a week
un mes	a month
un año	a year
un quinquenio	a five year period
un lustro	a five year period
un decenio	a decade
un siglo	a century
un milenio	a millennium

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Tell Me, Is It Likely That Somebody Will Want Wine?

Introduction

This post is about verb conjugation -the present tense, subjunctive mood of irregular verb querer.

SCENARIO

Imagine you are talking to a relative, friend or colleague. You are sorting out the details of a forthcoming meal with several other people being invited.

Trying to anticipate what people may want to drink, the other person say: "tell me, is it likely that somebody will want wine?".

In Spanish, the other person could choose to be less formal and say:

Dime, ¿es probable que alguien quiera vino?

On the other hand, he/ she could choose to be more formal and say:

Dígame, ¿es probable que alguien quiera vino?

---

OUR TIP

Making a sentence which answers that question should be straightforward, but remember:

• Make sure that you conjugate your verb correctly
• Choose between formal or familiar options to suit the occasion -see examples below.

Typical answers could be:

• Sí, es probable que yo quiera^* vino (yes, it is likely that I will want wine);
• Es probable que tú quieras^* vino, ¿no? (it is likely that you -familiar will want wine, isn't it?);
• Es probable que usted quiera^* vino, ¿no? (it is likely that you -formal will want wine, isn't it?);
• Sí, es probable que Pedro quiera^* vino (yes, it is likely that Pedro will want wine);
• Sí, es probable que María quiera^* vino (yes, it is likely that Maria will want wine);
• Es probable que todos queramos^* vino, ¿no? (it is likely that we will all want wine, isn't it?);
• Es probable que vosotros queráis^* vino, ¿no? (it is likely that you -familiar/ plural will want wine, isn't it?);
• Es probable que ustedes quieran^* vino, ¿no? (it is likely that you -formal/ plural will want wine, isn't it?);
• Sí, es probable que Pedro y María quieran^* vino (yes, it is likely that Pedro and María will want wine);

Now you should practise replying to someone who says to you:

Dime, ¿es probable que alguien quiera vino?

*Please see grammar topic below, Verbs

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Verbs

A verb is a 'doing' word which conveys:

• What action takes place in a sentence
• Who does that action
• When that action occurs.

In addition, the verb may also convey the mood or feelings of the speaker toward the action which takes place. The verb may, for example, indicate whether the speaker is stating a fact, expressing a wish or indeed giving an order.

Irregular Verbs

Verb: querer

The Spanish verb querer is irregular^* in some tenses, as shown in the table below:

Tense	Mood	Regular	Irregular
Present	Indicative		✓
Imperfect	Indicative	✓
Preterite	Indicative		✓
Future	Indicative		✓
Conditional	Indicative		✓
Perfect	Indicative	✓
Pluperfect	Indicative	✓
Future Perfect	Indicative	✓
Conditional Perfect	Indicative	✓
Present	Subjunctive		✓
Imperfect	Subjunctive		✓
Perfect	Subjunctive	✓
Pluperfect	Subjunctive	✓

* NB:

• Conjugate tenses in the regular column the same as other regular verbs ending in -er
• The present tense conjugation/ subjunctive mood is shown below

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Subjunctive Mood/ Present Tense - Conjugation

Verb: querer

Subject		QUERER (TO WANT)
I	Yo	QUIERA
You	Tú	QUIERAS
You	Usted*	QUIERA
He	Él
She	Ella
We	Nosotros	QUERAMOS
You	Vosotros**	QUERÁIS
You	Ustedes***	QUIERAN
They	Ellos
They	Ellas

*NB More courteous/ polite form of 'you'

**NB 'You' plural

*** NB More courteous/ polite form of 'you' plural

---

Verb Conjugation Notes

It is worth remembering once more that in its basic form (infinitive), a Spanish verb is just a general 'doing' word. In that form, a verb simply indicates an action and nothing else. If we want a verb to be more specific about the action in a sentence, we need to conjugate it. It is only when conjugated that the verb indicates:

• Who does the action
• When the action takes place
• The mood/ attitude of the speaker towards the action

The conjugation tables above refer to using conjugation to establish who does the action. What follows below are some notes on establishing when the action takes place and the mood/ attitude of the speaker towards the action.

Subjunctive Mood

The use of subjunctive mood is disappearing English. Nowadays is often viewed as an old and unfashionable form of the language.

In contrast, the use of subjunctive mood is very much alive and in everyday use in Spanish. This widespread use of subjunctive mood tends to be the bane of many a learner of Spanish from the English speaking world.

The concept of subjunctive mood is perhaps best illustrated by contrasting its use against the use of indicative mood with examples in English. The following are a couple of examples which should serve that purpose:

• Indicative mood (“Peter eats an apple”).- Indicative mood is commonly used to make statements of facts or positive beliefs such as this one. As can be seen in the sample sentence (in quotes above), the speaker makes a clear and unambiguous statement of a fact (Peter eats an apple).
• Subjunctive mood (“Peter would eat an apple if he were hungry”).- In contrast with indicative mood, subjunctive mood is commonly used to make statements indicating hypothetical or non-fact actions. As can be seen in the sample sentence (in quotes), in this case the speaker sees the action of eating an apple as something hypothetical, something which may or may not happen (Peter would eat an apple... if he were hungry).

Verb Tenses

Verb tenses relate to setting the time period (when) during which the action of the verb takes place. Basic times (periods) for Spanish verb actions are:

• The past (before now)
• The present (now)
• The future (after now)

Each Spanish verb tense corresponds to one of those basic time periods. In other words choosing a verb tense places the action of the verb in one of those basic periods and determines when the action takes place.

Now you should practise the use of the present tense of the irregular verb querer with some examples of your own.

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Espíritu

Today's word is: "espíritu" = spirit

In Spanish, “espíritu” is a masculine noun of Latin origin, which means spirit or ghost and is used as in:

• Lo inmaterial es el espíritu (the immaterial part is the spirit);

The noun “espiritualidad” is a related word meaning spirituality and is used in:

• Una persona de reconocida espiritualidad (a person of well known spirituality)

The describing word/ adjective “espiritual” is also a related word meaning spiritual and is used as in:

• Vida espiritual (spiritual life)

Some Spanish expressions with the word “espíritu” are:

• Animar el espíritu (to raise the spirits/ to cheer up);
• Espíritu áspero (rough breathing, Greek language accentuation mark)
• El espíritu de contradicción (character trait of a person: apparent inborn predisposition/ irresistible urge to contradict or oppose);
  • Una vez más a la contra, eres el espíritu de la contradicción (once again true to character, you can't resist being contradictory)
• Espíritu de sal (hydrochloric acid)
• Espíritu inmundo (the Devil)
• Espíritu maligno (the Devil)
• Espíritu rudo (rough breathing, Greek language accentuation mark)
• Espíritu Santo (Holy Ghost)
• Espíritu suave (smooth breathing, Greek language accentuation mark)
• Levantar el espíritu (to raise the spirits/ to cheer up);
• Pobre de espíritu (poor in spirit)

Note

Spelling/ ortografía:

• Accentuated/ con acento: espríritu
• Not accentuated/ sin acento: espiritual, espiritualidad

Love-Spanish.com loves the word "espíritu" in the YouTube clip: Tontxu Espíritu de contradicción

For more on the word "espíritu", visit: Wordreference.com/es/en/ Espíritu

*NB 'Click' on the speaker icon next to the word “espíritu” in the link to hear the word pronounced.

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Would Anybody Want Wine?

Introduction

This post is about verb conjugation -the conditional tense, indicative mood of irregular verb querer.

SCENARIO

Imagine you are having lunch with some relatives, friends or colleagues. Someone is trying to sort out the drinks for your whole party. You are all having to drive afterwards, so you are all about to order soft drinks with your food.

Suspecting that some of you would order wine, if circumstances were different, the other person says: "would anybody want wine?".

In Spanish, the other person could say:

¿Alguien querría vino?

---

OUR TIP

Making a sentence which answers that question should be straightforward, but remember:

• Make sure that you conjugate your verb correctly
• Choose between formal or familiar options to suit the occasion -see examples below.

Typical answers could be:

• Yo querría^* vino (I would want wine);
• Tú querrías^* vino, ¿no? (you -familiar would want wine, wouldn't you?);
• Usted querría^* vino, ¿no? (you -formal would want wine, wouldn't you?);
• Pedro querría^* vino (Pedro would want wine);
• María querría^* vino (Maria would want wine);
• Todos querríamos^* vino, ¿no? (we all would want wine);
• Vosotros querríais^* vino, ¿no? (you -familiar/ plural would want wine, wouldn't you?);
• Ustedes querrían^* vino, ¿no? (you -formal/ plural would want wine, wouldn't you?);
• Pedro y María querrían^* vino (Pedro and María would want wine);

Now you should practise replying to someone who says to you:

¿Alguien querría vino?

*Please see grammar topic below, Verbs

---

Verbs

A verb is a 'doing' word which conveys:

• What action takes place in a sentence
• Who does that action
• When that action occurs.

In addition, the verb may also convey the mood or feelings of the speaker toward the action which takes place. The verb may, for example, indicate whether the speaker is stating a fact, expressing a wish or indeed giving an order.

Irregular Verbs

Verb: querer

The Spanish verb querer is irregular^* in some tenses, as shown in the table below:

Tense	Mood	Regular	Irregular
Present	Indicative		✓
Imperfect	Indicative	✓
Preterite	Indicative		✓
Future	Indicative		✓
Conditional	Indicative		✓
Perfect	Indicative	✓
Pluperfect	Indicative	✓
Future Perfect	Indicative	✓
Conditional Perfect	Indicative	✓
Present	Subjunctive		✓
Imperfect	Subjunctive		✓
Perfect	Subjunctive	✓
Pluperfect	Subjunctive	✓

* NB:

• Conjugate tenses in the regular column the same as other regular verbs ending in -er
• The conditional tense conjugation/ indicative mood is shown below

---

Indicative Mood/ Conditional Tense - Conjugation

Verb: querer

Subject		QUERER (TO WANT)
I	Yo	QUERRÍA
You	Tú	QUERRÍAS
You	Usted*	QUERRÍA
He	Él
She	Ella
We	Nosotros	QUERRÍAMOS
You	Vosotros**	QUERRÍAIS
You	Ustedes***	QUERRÍAN
They	Ellos
They	Ellas

*NB More courteous/ polite form of 'you'

**NB 'You' plural

*** NB More courteous/ polite form of 'you' plural

---

Verb Conjugation Notes

It is worth remembering once more that in its basic form (infinitive), a Spanish verb is just a general 'doing' word. In that form, a verb simply indicates an action and nothing else. If we want a verb to be more specific about the action in a sentence, we need to conjugate it. It is only when conjugated that the verb indicates:

• Who does the action
• When the action takes place
• The mood/ attitude of the speaker towards the action

The conjugation tables above refer to using conjugation to establish who does the action. What follows below are some notes on establishing when the action takes place and the mood/ attitude of the speaker towards the action.

Subjunctive Mood

The use of subjunctive mood is disappearing English. Nowadays is often viewed as an old and unfashionable form of the language.

In contrast, the use of subjunctive mood is very much alive and in everyday use in Spanish. This widespread use of subjunctive mood tends to be the bane of many a learner of Spanish from the English speaking world.

The concept of subjunctive mood is perhaps best illustrated by contrasting its use against the use of indicative mood with examples in English. The following are a couple of examples which should serve that purpose:

• Indicative mood (“Peter eats an apple”).- Indicative mood is commonly used to make statements of facts or positive beliefs such as this one. As can be seen in the sample sentence (in quotes above), the speaker makes a clear and unambiguous statement of a fact (Peter eats an apple).
• Subjunctive mood (“Peter would eat an apple if he were hungry”).- In contrast with indicative mood, subjunctive mood is commonly used to make statements indicating hypothetical or non-fact actions. As can be seen in the sample sentence (in quotes), in this case the speaker sees the action of eating an apple as something hypothetical, something which may or may not happen (Peter would eat an apple... if he were hungry).

Verb Tenses

Verb tenses relate to setting the time period (when) during which the action of the verb takes place. Basic times (periods) for Spanish verb actions are:

• The past (before now)
• The present (now)
• The future (after now)

Each Spanish verb tense corresponds to one of those basic time periods. In other words choosing a verb tense places the action of the verb in one of those basic periods and determines when the action takes place.

Now you should practise the use of the conditional tense of the irregular verb querer with some examples of your own.

---

Spanish lessons online

Skype/ Google+ Hangout/ Facetime

Great lessons

Book now

© Copyright 2015 Love-Spanish.com by Jose M González. All Rights Reserved.